Portfolio Analysis and Investment Essay -- Investment Theory Brokers E

Portfolio Analysis and InvestmentThis assignment is concerned with your understanding of the key issues relative to portfolio outline and investment. In completing this assignment you are to limit your scope to the US stock markets only. Use the Cybrary, the Internet, and course resources to write a 2-page essay which you will mapping with new clients of your financial planning business which addresses the following issues and/or practices ? How several(prenominal) investors make investment decisions in practice rather than in theory and ? How investors care their funds/savings/ investments in light of current stock markets.In your response, build upon extant portfolio theory and make sure to talk about assorted types of risks that investors might face and how they go about managing such risks. This means you need to consider topics such as efficient frontier and optimal portfolios as well(p) their relevance to investment theory. Furthermore, given the nature of the assignment, avoid bringing the brokerage industry into your discussion. In other words, assume you can invest directly in the stock market and do not need any financial intermediaries like brokerage houses. Investment theory is based upon some simple concepts. Investors should sine qua non to maximize their output while minimizing their risk at the same time. In order to accomplish this goal investors should diversify their portfolios based upon expected returns and standard deviations of individual securities. Investment theory assumes that investors are risk averse, which means that they will choose a portfolio with a smaller standard deviation. (Alexander, Sharpe, and Bailey, 1998). It is also assumed that wealth has peripheral utility, which basically means that a dollar potentially lost has more perceived value than a dollar potentially gained. An tranquillity curve is a term that represents a compounding of risk and expected return that has an equal make sense of utility to an inve stor. A two dimensional figure that provides us with return measurements on the vertical axis and risk measurements (std. deviation) on the horizontal axis will show indifference curves starting at a foreland and touching higher up the vertical axis the further along the horizontal axis it moves. Therefore a risk averse investor will choose an indifference curve that lies the furthest to the northwest because this would r... ...n efficient set that is on a straight line connecting the risk free rate to the most northwest point that we had identified previously. Now the risk averse investor has a lower risk for the same amount of return compared to the portfolios that did not include risk free lending. The combination is better because the points on the straight line are further northwest than the portfolios from the previous paragraph. Of course the lower the level of risk aversion the further toward the burn the investor?s optimal portfolio moves. In summary, investors on the w hole are rational and contribute to an efficient market through prudent investment decisions. Each investor?s optimal portfolio will be different depending on the feasible set of portfolios available for investment as well as the indifference curve for that item investor. Lastly, risk free borrowing and lending changes the efficient set and gives the investor more opportunities to either get a higher expected return with the same amount of risk or the same amount of return with less risk. Work CitedWilliam Sharpe, Gordon J. Alexander, Jeffrey W Bailey. Investments. Prentice Hall 6 edition, October 20, 1998

Bigfoot: In Search of the Truth Essay -- essays research papers

Bigfoot is, without a doubt, the more or less recognized mystery in all of matrimony America. The nonhu earth universe has reportedly been sighted thousands of times since the beginning of the 19th century. According to eyewitness testimonies, Bigfoot, in like manner known as Sasqautch, is a gigantic beast that towers in at eight feet tall and weighs as much as six hundred pounds. Reports too say that the monsters form is well build and usually covered in a thick, brownish fur. Many have asked if such a animal could possibly be roaming through the round the benderness of North America and around the world, and the answer is yes. The amount of evidence supporting such a zoologys existence is astonishing. From footprint casting and fur samples to television receiver evidence and numerous human sightings, Bigfoots existence cannot be doubted.There are terce pieces of evidence supporting the existence of Bigfoot, the maiden of which is the thousands of eyewitness accounts. The first recorded sighting occurred in 1870 serious a small townspeople in California. The town newspaper, the Antioch Ledger, reported that a gorilla man or wild man had been sighted in the woods near the town. The paper deemed it unsafe to travel out of doors unless absolutely necessary because of the beast. Next, in 1901, a lumberjack on Vancouver Island reported seeing a man beast washing itself in a river near his base camp. The courageous lumberjack decided there and past to approach the beast and confront him. The strange monkey man quickly fled, though, as the man approached the river. Upon examining the tracks left behind, the lumberjack concluded that the prints were almost identical to that of a human, except for the extremely large size. After the incident, many reports began pouring in from the Vancouver theatre of operations of Canada. The residents of the area became well aware of the existence of a very insidious cock in the area, and it was they who first coi ned the term Bigfoot. By 1960, thousands of reports on the existence of Bigfoot flooded in from all over the United States. The sightings usually occurred in mountainous, woods areas near rivers and streams. Many thought that those who claimed such things were crazy, but it was at this time that the inevitable happened Bigfoot was captured on film.On October 20, 1967, Roger Patterson and Bob Gimlin, two Bigfoot researchers,... ... over the print is correct. all in all of these facts are bittersweet though, since sample specimens have nothing to be compared to since no actual creature specimen has been collected. It can be concluded, however, that these remains did not conform to from any animal currently known to modern science.Bigfoots existence can no longer be denied. No longer is it a head teacher of Bigfoot being real, but rather a question of mans capability in being able to believe the truth. The facts cannot be mistaken. Besides being seen time and time again, video foo tage has been collected. This alone is enough to make many believe, but for the rest, the somatogenic evidence is unmistakably real. As the theory progresses, more(prenominal)(prenominal) and more credible researchers come forward to show support in such a creatures existence. They do this at the risk of losing their own credibility. None, however, are capable of an explanation for Bigfoots uncanny ability to remain hidden from human observation, the constitution of which remains to be a question. Perhaps, though, as more and more people start to believe in the truth, questions will be answered and the mystery solved. Bigfoot In Search of the Truth Essay -- essays research papers Bigfoot is, without a doubt, the most recognized mystery in all of North America. The apelike being has reportedly been sighted thousands of times since the beginning of the 19th century. According to eyewitness testimonies, Bigfoot, also known as Sasqautch, is a gigantic beast that towe rs in at eight feet tall and weighs as much as six hundred pounds. Reports also say that the monsters form is well built and usually covered in a thick, brownish fur. Many have asked if such a creature could possibly be roaming through the wilderness of North America and around the world, and the answer is yes. The amount of evidence supporting such a creatures existence is astonishing. From footprint casting and fur samples to video evidence and numerous human sightings, Bigfoots existence cannot be doubted.There are three pieces of evidence supporting the existence of Bigfoot, the first of which is the thousands of eyewitness accounts. The first recorded sighting occurred in 1870 near a small town in California. The town newspaper, the Antioch Ledger, reported that a gorilla man or wild man had been sighted in the woods near the town. The paper deemed it unsafe to travel outside unless absolutely necessary because of the beast. Next, in 1901, a lumberjack on Vancouver Island repor ted seeing a man beast washing itself in a river near his base camp. The courageous lumberjack decided there and then to approach the beast and confront him. The strange monkey man quickly fled, though, as the man approached the river. Upon examining the tracks left behind, the lumberjack concluded that the prints were almost identical to that of a human, except for the extremely large size. After the incident, many reports began pouring in from the Vancouver area of Canada. The residents of the area became well aware of the existence of a very elusive creature in the area, and it was they who first coined the term Bigfoot. By 1960, thousands of reports on the existence of Bigfoot flooded in from all over the United States. The sightings usually occurred in mountainous, woodland areas near rivers and streams. Many thought that those who claimed such things were crazy, but it was at this time that the inevitable happened Bigfoot was captured on film.On October 20, 1967, Roger Patters on and Bob Gimlin, two Bigfoot researchers,... ... over the print is correct. All of these facts are bittersweet though, since sample specimens have nothing to be compared to since no actual creature specimen has been collected. It can be concluded, however, that these remains did not come from any animal currently known to modern science.Bigfoots existence can no longer be denied. No longer is it a question of Bigfoot being real, but rather a question of mans capability in being able to believe the truth. The facts cannot be mistaken. Besides being seen time and time again, video footage has been collected. This alone is enough to make many believe, but for the rest, the physical evidence is unmistakably real. As the theory progresses, more and more credible researchers come forward to show support in such a creatures existence. They do this at the risk of losing their own credibility. None, however, are capable of an explanation for Bigfoots uncanny ability to remain hidden from human observation, the nature of which remains to be a question. Perhaps, though, as more and more people start to believe in the truth, questions will be answered and the mystery solved.

religions function in society Essay -- essays research papers

Religion has many functions within a society, both social and psychological. According to Ferraro (308) lead such social functions are social control, conflict resolution, and intensifying group solidarity. Religion seems to help maintain a social order. It appears to do this by encouraging what a given society deems acceptable behavior and discouraging socially inappropriate behavior. Every religion, regardless of the form it takes, is an ethical system that prescribes proper elbow room of behaving. (Ferraro 308) This social order of rewards and punishment is reinforced when backed by supernatural authority. Thus ones neighbor may be exorcized from his or her companionship when a behavior is seen as socially unacceptable or inappropriate. Examples of this in the Jewish-Christian community would be the breaking of the Ten Commandments such as stealing, committing adultery, or murdering.another(prenominal) social function of religion is to enable the great unwashed to express thei r common identity in an emotionally charged environment ( Ferraro 308). Group solidarity is intensified for those who institutionalize it. When members of a phantasmal group come together to practice religious beliefs, they often bond by participating in other non-religious activities as well. (Ferraro 308) muckle find religion an easy way to identify with one another. Religion helps to form community, schools, and even government. People who are more religious tend to operate more conservative attitudes on sexuality and personal honesty. They are also likely to hold more conservative attitudes about family life, being more likely, for instance, to domiciliate the use of corporal Vaeth 2punishment in disciplining children. Strongly religious people also tend to be more accepting and satisfied with their lives and marriages. This is perchance because they do not question what is unknown. It is perhaps merely accepted upon faith. (Brinkerhoff, White, Ortega 295-305)Religion also plays the berth of reducing stress and frustrations that often lead to social conflict. (Ferra... ...d in a variety of religions.Rituals are usually practiced within a group of people, many times forming a community such as a church. Going to service every Sunday is a ritual. Meeting a group of friends every Friday night after work for a drink is a ritual. Rituals are spiritual and nonspiritual, religious and magical.The core elements of religion, belief, ritual, and myth bring people together just as much as they divide them into groups. Religion helps people find personal identity and fit into a community. Being divided into groups is not necessarily a bad thing. It is human nature. If mankind isnt dissentious over religion, its over politics, if not politics, then something else. In my perspective, it is not religion that creates the division its the people. According to Ferraro, (322) religion has played an important role in global social change through liberation theology ( whereby Catholic priests and nuns work for social reform and justice for the poor) and religious nationalism (whereby religious beliefs are merged with government institutions).

Hydrogen Fusion is the Future Source of Energy Essay -- Energy Power G

Hydrogen Fusion, the Future Source of EnergyAbstractThe world is currently in an energy crisis with no wind up in sight. Many technologiescan help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and have the possibility of ending theenergy crisis. Hydrogen uniting holds bulky promise with its no pollution energy output. Ifmore energy can be created than is used to start the fusion process, the energy crisismight become a thing of the past. Over half of the energy used this instant comes from fossilfuels, which is around 2.77*1014 KJ in 2003. ITER, which is under construction right direct in France, will have the possibility of releasing 500 MW of energy as an output. Bydeveloping methods that reduce the energy needed to start the fusion process, hydrogenfusion might end our need to use fossil fuels.IntroductionHumanity has faced many crises in the past few millennia. From the raw Plagueof Medieval Times to World War II in the 1940s, human beingss have always had some form oflarge-scale p roblem to crapper with. Now in our modern times, we as humans are facing oneof the toughest the energy crisis. This dilemma will have the greatest involvement ofhuman minds to figure out a possible solution. The majority of all the energy produced inthe world comes from fossil fuels. In these strange times, humans are now looking for tender viable sources of energy to replace the highly depleted fossil fuels.One of the newer possibilities that can be used as a new form of energy ishydrogen fusion. One of the earliest experiments in this technology was in the late 1960swith the development of the Tokamak. The Tokamak was a Soviet-built magneticconfinement gimmick developed by Igor Tamm and Andrei Sakharov. The shape of theHydrogen Fusio... ...al Total Primary Energy Consumption (Demand) Information. 25 July2005. Retrieved 3 August 2005 fromhttp//www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/contents.htmlITER. 3 August 2005. Wikipedia The wanton Encyclopedia. Retrieved 3 August2005 from http/ /en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITERJET. 27 July 2005. Wikipedia The let go Encyclopedia. Retrieved 31 July 2005from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_European_TorusNave, C.R. Hyper Physics. Retrieved July 21, 2005. From Georgia StateUniversity Department of Physics and Astronomy Website http//hyperphysics.phyastr.gsu.edu/hbase/nucene/fusion.htmlTokamak. 27 July 2005. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 31 July2005 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TokamakWEC Scenario A3 jpg. 20 July 2005. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia.Retrieved 31 July 2005 from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ImageWEC_Scenario_A3.jpg

College Education Is Essential In Todays Society :: essays research papers

College Education is Essential In Todays SocietyIn todays society a college education is an essential part of pursuinga career. eon in college a person can determine his strengths and weaknessesin whatever path he decides to take in life. A college education is also the outset step in being self-sufficient and living by yourself. College life alsogives a person a chance to express his ingenious and fanciful abilities and tosupplement the skills that he learned in high school. City University will giveme an unprecedented opportunity to achieve these goals and to r apiece a new tableland in my scholarly studies.In my life I plan to pursue a career in the aerospace region. To get ajob in this field one needs a college education and City University fits thebill. Its curriculum and accomplished professors will give me the chance toachieve my goal. Each of the independent colleges of the university system is super specialized and particular to its own field of training. This will helpa pplicants like me concentrate on my specific career path. I have visited theuniversity campus twice and each time I have been impressed by the devotion ofthe faculty to ensure that the students educational needs are met and surpassed.I perceive that the university is concerned nigh the educational well-being ofits students. This is exemplified by the abundant tutoring opportunities thatthe university offers. Not only is the staff exceptional, City University hasphenomenal technology.City University is on the cutting edge of technology which is internal in the aerospace field. The EOS computing environment is asubstructure for building a bridge to the future. This system will give me manyopportunities to use its resources to intensify my skills fleck pursuing myoccupation. Having access to millions of computers all over the world, with theinformation I need at my fingertips will propel me to a higher level ofintellectual aptness. The spacious number of computer clusters available at theuniversity enables a student to arm himself with the knowledge needed to aid him

College Education Is Essential In Todays Society :: essays research papers

College Education is Essential In Todays SocietyIn todays society a college education is an essential part of movea career. While in college a person can determine his strengths and weaknessesin whatever path he decides to take in life. A college education is also thefirst clapperclaw in being self-sufficient and living by yourself. College life alsogives a person a chance to express his ingenious and creative abilities and to accessary the skills that he learned in high school. City University will giveme an unprecedented opportunity to achieve these goals and to reach a newplateau in my scholarly studies.In my life I plan to pursue a career in the aerospace field. To get ajob in this field champion needs a college education and City University fits thebill. Its curriculum and accomplished professors will give me the chance toachieve my goal. Each of the independent colleges of the university system ishighly change and particular to its own field of training. This will helpappl icants like me concentrate on my specific career path. I have visited theuniversity campus twice and each succession I have been impressed by the devotion ofthe faculty to ensure that the students educational needs are met and surpassed.I perceive that the university is concerned about the educational well-being ofits students. This is exemplified by the abundant tutoring opportunities thatthe university offers. Not only is the staff exceptional, City University hasphenomenal technology.City University is on the cutting edge of technology which isindispensable in the aerospace field. The EOS computing environment is asubstructure for building a bridge to the future. This system will give me manyopportunities to use its resources to intensify my skills while pursuing myoccupation. Having access to millions of computers all over the world, with theinformation I need at my fingertips will propel me to a higher level ofintellectual aptness. The immense routine of computer clusters ava ilable at theuniversity enables a student to arm himself with the knowledge needed to aid him

A Diverse Workforce Essay

1.1 3 organisation benefits of attracting and retaining a diverse workforceIn this era of economic globalization, legion(predicate) companies are making efforts to achieve workforce diversity, which aims to employ workers from different backgrounds to depict tangible and intangible benefits to the organization. Understanding the advantages of workforce diversity helps an organization to establish with a competitive edge. This discharge include employing workers with cultural and language skills that can lead to greater reach for the business.3 organisation benefits of attracting and retaining a diverse workforce1 extend in ProductivityWorkforce diversity can bring about an increase in productivity and competitive advantages. Employers can offer more than than solutions to customers because of bracing ideas and processes brought into the organization. Workplace diversity increases employee esprit de corps and causes employees to desire to work more effectively and efficiently.2 Increase in CreativityWorkforce diversity increases creative thinking within a phoner because people coming from many cultures can give many ideas and their own experience. Employees from different backgrounds bring in a conformation of solutions on how to achieve a common goal. In atmospheres when brainstorming is necessary, more ideas are formed because team members are cultur bothy diverse. For example, employees from China working in American companies may approach a problem totally differently than do American workers.3 Positive ReputationJob natterkers are force to companies with diverse workforces because it is evident that the companies do not practice duty discrimination. Potential employees would want to know that employers treat their staff fairly regardless of race, ethnicity or gender. non only are such firms able to attract new talent but they can also retain existing talent because of high employee esprit de corps resulting from workforce diversity.1.2 4 factor s that affect an organisations approach to attracting talent1 Selecting choice of advertisement this is a wide area to attract new recruits by posting adverts in professional recruitment agencies like Berkley Scott or Reed.2 caller-out branding and the state of business many companies show income story on the Internet and their mission plan for the next few years, which mainly includes quality plans for employees.3 Learning and Development nowadays companies like The Doyle Collection or McDonalds are involved in many apprenticeships programme and they are encouraging by funding people in any age to go for degree or to take up professional qualifications.4 Type of role many employers reduces the roles within an organization and they are creating the job portfolio roles e.g. Payroll with accounts assisting, which is more paid and it is more motivating for individuals.1.3 3 factors that affect an organisations approach to recruitment and selectionProactive human resource professional s understand the unlike internal and external factors influencing recruitment. When conditions change in the marketplace, the company needs to monitor these changes to determine how it affects the talent syndicate. The company also needs to analyze internal functions to see what helps and hinders effective recruitment.1.Personnel UtilizationA company can avoid having to hire new employees by monitoring the skill sets of existing employees. For example, if you are opening a new sales division that focuses on a new family of products, then you may be able to utilize your current sales staff to provide the startup sales professionals the new group provide need. The success of the new department will necessitate the need for recruiting outside representatives at some distributor point in the future, but you can save on startup costs by utilizing existing personnel.2.OutsourcingThe concept of outsourcing activities that are not a companys core competency is an internal business pract ice that affects recruiting. For example, a food processing company would hire an outside IT firm to install and administer the companys computer network because computers are not the food processing companys core competency. When companies outsource, that reduces the need for recruiting new employees. The human resources department will have to shift resources away from recruiting for the outsourced functions, and focus on supplying employment candidates for the companys core business units.3 CompetitionCompanies within the corresponding industry are competing for qualified candidates to ensure future growth. There is competition in the recruiting end of your business just as there is in selling products. You need to analyze what your competition is offering new employees, and try to develop a competitive package to lure in the talent that you need.2.1 Describe the benefits of at least3 different recruitment methods 1 Internal Recruitment benefit is cheaper and quicker to recruit . People are already familiar with the business and how it operates. It can be motivating as it provides opportunities for promotion with in the business. Organization is already aware of the strength and weaknesses of candidates. Easy to pick up the best talents within an organization. It builds a long relationship with employees. 2 External Recruitment The benefit is the outside people bring in new ideas. You get a larger pool of workers from which you can select the best candidate. Candidates will have a wider range of experience. Uniqueness in employees worked for different companies can take the company to an extra mile. 3 Third-Party Sourcing Third party sourcing involves using a placement agency or headhunter to find qualified job candidates. These third-party sources use various techniques and tools to find provide job applicants, such as extending offers of improved salary compensation and more flexible benefits packages.1.3 benefits of at least 3 different selection metho ds.1.Lower employee turnover rate.2.Picking the refine employee from the start saves time and money.3.Positions are staffed with competent employees.4.1 3 purposes of induction and how they benefit individuals and organisations.1.It is a process of bringing/introducing/familiarizing a new recruit into the organization. 2. Company orientation i.e. showing how the employee fits into the team and how their role fits with the organizations strategy and goals. 3. Details of the organizations history, its culture and values, and its products and services.Benefits for individualsThe employee will feel welcomed into the organization, be esteem and be do to feel more comfortable in the workplace. An individual will also find it easier to integrate into the workplace. New employee will feel that they made the right decision to join a particular organization. A good induction programme will help to build the new employees self-esteem, morale and sense of motivation. An induction programme will establish good communication between the manager or the supervisor and the new employee from the very beginning.Benefits for the organizationIncrease productivityReduce wastage through correct material utilizationReduce incidents & accident4.2The Bristol HotelNew Employee Induction PlanFriday 30/09/10TimeAreas coverAction RequiredBy Whom9.00 10.30Welcome and IntroductionsIntroduce Line manager and colleagues. Welcome and introduction to the department. i.e. direct reports, rosters, procedures and service standards. HR Manager, Line Manager10.30-10.45umber BREAK10.45-12.30Walk the propertyFire Drill procedure explained. Employee is aware of meeting point in event of a fire. Employee is aware of location of all fire exits. Knowledge of nearest fire fighting equipment to work area and explanation of colour codingDirector Operations12.30-13.00LUNCH BREAK13.00-14.00wellness & Safety PolicyHealth and safety requirements explained. Introduction to First Aider and Health and Safety r epresentatives. Lifting techniques explained. Safety equipment issued.Health & Safety Officer14.00-15.00AdministrationIssue of employee handbook. Conditions of employment explained. Confirmation of when full employment would begin, i.e. probationary period ends. Pay rates, periods, absence pay and reporting policy. Grievance procedure explained. Employee records completed. Bank details form completed. capricious licence checked. Start letter, P45 to payrollHR Manager15.00-15.30COFFEE BREAK15.30-16.30Catch upTaking feedback on department, comfortabilityGM, Director Operations

Book Report -the Notebook by Nicolas Sparks Essay

SummaryThe Notebook begins with a man in a nursing home, reading a story to a woman. The story is about two young lovers, Allie Hamilton and Noah, who meet one day at a carnival. Although the two argon falling in love, Allies parents dont allow the relationship between the two young lovers and decide to move Allie away from Noah and the town. They locomote to New York, but Allie never gave up on Noah and always unploughed her faith to one day their love would have a way to deduce back, but after waiting for any sign (such as letters) from Noah from years, Allie meets Lon and becomes engaged. However, Allie even-tempered has feelings for Noah. Despite her commitment for Lon, Allie decides to visit Noah to see how hes doing after beholding his picture in the newspaper in front of a family unit he said he was going to restore (and did).It soon becomes apparent that they still have feelings for each other. Allie sp quit wonderful days with Noah, but suddenly her mother Anne Hamilt on surprises her finding her in Noahs house. Allies mother confess her that she kept and hide from her the letters that Noah had been sending to her years ago. Allie now has to choose between Lon, the man she had already scheduled to marry, and Noah, the man who she wants. Allie picks Noah, her one true love, and dumps Lon. Noah and Allie end up having a happy life and die together peacefully in the nursing home, side by side.CharactersMajor Characters* Noah The narrator of the book and the important character, Noah is a good and kind man who fell in love with Allie fourteen years before the novel opens. He has never forgotten her and is overwhelmed with how practically he still loves her when she returns to tell him she is engaged.* Allison Hamilton A young woman who comes from a privileged family, she spends a wonderful summer with Noah when they are young, but is forced to fall in when her parents disapprove. She meets Lon and becomes engaged to him, but something in her makes her return to Noah to be sure she is non making a mistake.* Lon He is Allies fianc, who fights for her in the end, but is too late. He has allowed his career to disrupt any hope he may have had to win her for himself.Minor Characters* Gus He is the black man who lives down the road from the house Noah has restored. He becomes Noahs only family until Allie returns.* Anne Hamilton She is Allies mother and had so disapproved of her being with Noah that she had never delivered his letters to her daughter. She finally gives Allie the letters, when she leaves, she whispers to Allie that she should follow her heart.PlotLove conquers all really, no matter how many times the old man (Noah) has to read the book to the old lad, he will. Hoping that one day shell remember him, she was his sweetheart and he would not leave her, for as long as she was there he would stay as well.ClimaxNoah and Ally die together in the same bed. They are old (she has Alzheimer) and in a nursing home. Noah is sti ll telling the story of when they are young and how they finally ended up together. Ally suddenly remembers and accepted Noah, the she chose and that she is the girl from the story that he has been telling her the whole time.

Bluesky Shopping Mall

Analytical Report on coloured Sky shop midpoint executive cultivateor Summary Blue Sky shop promenade is a large shopping mall in a favorable business center in Myaynigone. However, it is in a bad mould and its growth is declining. Several positionors, such as the privation of mint and mission and long-term plan, unsuitable organisational structure, lack of tar maturate market and market strategies and the high turnover rate affect the growth of the obtain saunter. This report sets out a plan and recommendations to reinvent a new invigorating image of the shop piazza. Based on a situational analysis, it draws up an organizational structure best suited for the Mall.The organization structure explains the sheath of management needed, the importance of strong and visionary leadership, some marketing strategies and marketing mixes. Moreover, this report circulates recommendation for some aspects of human vision management. It seeks to revitalize the Shopping Mall and ma ke it a remunerative business, serving the needs of the customers best. Introduction In the beginning of the year 2013, our Chairman Dr. Patrick Hong made an acquisition of Blue Sky Shopping Mall. The Shopping mall is located in No. 7, Bargaya Road, Myaynigone, Sanchaung, Yangon.The location of the Shopping Mall is genuinely strategic in some aspects. The atomic number 18a has a thriving business surroundings with Dagon Center I and II, Gamonepwint, City Mart, and some other fashion shops, restaurants, Car Accessories Shop and Car Show Room. The Shopping Mall is a nine-storey building with a car park next to it. The Shopping Mall has eight fields, starting with store-room at the basement, Food Court, Department Store, Clothing, Sports, Cosmetics, Appliances, Housing Accessories, and Recreation (play stations, resort argona for children and cinemas) on the ninth floor. I. Business Administration 1. 1.Long-term Business Plan Situational Analysis Blue Sky Shopping Mall was estab lished in January 2010. The newly founded Shopping Mall initially enjoyed considerable reputation and generated much profit. However, now it is non doing very well. The situational analysis be diminished looks into some positive facts as well as some of the main causes of decline. A. Internal Factors Strength and Weakness a. Strengths i. There are some experienced and skilled employees with potentials for becoming leaders. ii. The majorities of employees are late, hard get goinging and eager to regard to become more competent in their jobs. ii. As each area (e. g food/clothing) occupies a floor, the interior organization of the Shopping Mall is unproblematic and easy for shoppers to search for items they need and easy to manage. iv. The quality of the retailed products is as good as those from Dagon Center I and II and Gamonepwint. b. Weakness Organizational structure i. The organizational structure dramatises a centralization approach with all the decisions made by CEO. This has a sound negative impact on the whole operation of the Mall. With as well many matters at the hand of the CEO alone and decisions could not be made in time and problems pile up. i. There is no delegation of force entrustn to supervisors of each sector. They have to wait for the decisions of CEO. The problems in each department became graver and themes and directions became long overdue. This greatly hampers the efficient running of the Shopping Mall. iii. Having too many matters in hand, the CEO could not establish good relationship with the ply. He could only inspect each sector in rare occasions. Some employees take advantage of his absence and shun their responsibilities. This causes much quarrelling among staff.And as the number of problems increase the CEO becomes stressful and authoritative and could not trust his subordinates. iv. The few numbers of security personnel at the entrance of the Mall cannot lintel with the long line of quite a little pouring into the Ma ll. As a result, people become frustrated with queuing up and gradually turn away from the Mall. v. There is no draw in job description given to supervisors, the staff in each department become confused. The direct effect of this disorientation is apparent in maintenance such as cleaning, replacing expired products, mistaken price label and shortage of well-worns. vi. The cashiers are not well-trained.They take a long time to serve the customers. This causes unnecessary long queue at the payment counter making the customers feel stressed and sometimes quarrel among themselves. vii. The lack of clear break time register among the cashiers adds another problem to the long queue at the payment counter. viii. The staffs at the customer teaching are not well trained. The consequence is they cannot give necessary and satisfactory answers or directions in effect to the customers. Their discourteous manner causes great unease and unpleasantness to the customers. ix. The staffing of gene ral inspectors is absent.These are people who go around to make sure that every(prenominal)thing in a sector is running well. When there is a need in a sector there is no one to remind or report to the supervisors. Consequently, things do not get re placed or repaired soon enough. x. The food court has few drinks and items on the menu and the waiters and waitresses are not trained. Marketing i. cardinal of the greatest helplessnesses of the Shopping Mall is that it has no clearly defined target market. ii. In effect, there is no proper marketing plan. iii. No promotion such as new product launch, seasonal sale events, and special items sales and so on are carried out. v. Due to the centralization approach to management with nearly all the responsibilities resting on CEO, he could not give time to do market Survey. Human resource management i. The recognition and rewarding of certain workers in terms of their achievement is not carried out consistently. It is done casually and arb itrarily and indeed leadership failed to throw out hard work and celebrate achievements. ii. The lack of continual capacity building of the staff, as was seen with the cashiers and the staff in customer in clayation sector, has severe negative set up on the growing numbers and demand of customers. ii. The pay and benefits of the workers are not clearly designed, thus lack incentive for workers. iv. The morale of the staff begins to decline. This affects the spirit of wait on given to customers. All the mentioned weaknesses create a high turnover rate. B. External Factors Opportunities and Threats Opportunities v. Lets go shopping. is a popular phrase among people these days. When they opine that they usually mean going to a shopping mall. Even when not buying, people alike(p) to just stroll in the Shopping Mall to get air-condition, or a meet their friends in it.It is a good rendezvous because it is clean it is easy to reach by ordinary transport it offers affordable prices a nd thus makes it very convenient. In other words, it is a very good place to attract people, especially the young, to spend money. vi. As more and more young people meet their friends or watch movies at shopping malls, the social posture is somehow synonymous with having money to spend. The young could be very reliable and profitable target customers. If the Mall is designed to cater to them in terms of ambience, products, prices and services they would flock to the Shopping Mall. ii. Given a good pay and good work environment, many young people can be recruited to contribute to the rapid attainment of the objectives of the Shopping Mall. Young people are energetic and creative. If only their potentials were channeled into the chastise direction, they could make up a very strong and efficient workforce. viii. The location of the Mall is very strategic. It is located in a thriving business area. The existence around the area is quite dense. There are many schools, training and lang uage centers in the areas. Young people make up the bulk of the population.Many forms of public transportation reach the area. The car park is a major asset to the Mall. All these conditions offer a tremendous opportunity for the Mall to be very successful. Threats i. The main rivals near Blue Sky Shopping, Dagon Center and Gamonepwint and City Mart are doing very well. They could take all customers and gain their loyalty. ii. Recently there has been heavy traffic congestion near Myaynigone area. This could turn away potential customers to other less(prenominal) congested shopping malls. Long-term Business Plan Vision To be a leading Shopping Mall creating space and value for the young.Mission Through young, energetic, and creative workforce, we know the needs of customers and fulfill them with delivering the latest quality products at feasible price, at convenient location and provide a perfect rendezvous and best customer services. Objectives 1. Strategic objectives i. To reinven t a new image of the Shopping Mall with a new name and a new organizational structure in 6 months ii. To attain 10% market share at bottom a year and increase it yearly 2. Tactical objectives i. To put in place the new management system ii. To build workers capacity for skills and services ii. To give space for young leaders with their creative ideas and promotion to win loyalty of young people 3. Operational objectives i. Run the new management system effectively in three month. ii. Conduct human capacity building for supervisors, conductors in 3 months. iii. Expend capacity building to the rest of the stuff in a year. iv. Elect at least 30 new potential leaders in a year 1. 2. Organizational Structure CEO Finance tutor Marketing manager Human imagery manager General Manager Purchase manager Security manager Senior accountants Sale promotion manager HR executives Engineers Supervisors Supervisors Junior accounts event manager supervisors Supervi sors sector cracks Staff Auditors Advertisement team Trainers sector heads staff Cashiers Public relation team staff staff Sector head sector head staff staff Since all the sectors operate almost daily routine retailing, the organization is re-structured as seen in the graph preceding(prenominal).Clear job description and special authority are given to sector heads to make key decision as they are more familiar with every day market and situation. They ordain work closely with the CEO in attaining the Shopping Mall goals and sales targets. In this sense, decentralization is more conducive to the Mall success and fit more into the management system. The chain of command, which means, an unbroken line of authority that links all individuals in the organization and specifies who reports to whom, can be seen from the organizational structure.In a Shopping Mall setting, daily retailing of a wide range of pro ducts need to have a very strong and clear scalar principle, which clearly defines authority and responsibilities. Span of Management gaffer Cashier Staff 1 Staff 2 Staff 3 Staff 4 Chief Standby Staff 1 Staff 2 Staff 3 Staff 4 Replace inspector Staff 1 Staff 2 Staff 3 Staff 4 Customer service Staff 1 Staff 2 Staff 3 Staff 4 Sector Head Since the business is retail and each floor containing one sector, it is easier to organize the span of change.Each sector has a sector head with standby inspectors, cashiers head, replacing head immediately under him/her who would supervise about ten staff. In diagram one sector would look like this. 1. 3. Leadership 1. 3 The Importance of leadership in a rapidly changing world The importance of a leader in an organization can be compared to the skipper of a ship. The captain not only directs the ship where to go, he/she encourages the crew member, supervise the crew to serve the people on board, and look forward to the danger, take the route that would give maximum satisfaction during their ride on the ship.Without a leader with excellent management and interpersonal skill as well as with a clear vision toward the future, the crew will be disoriented, the ship would not get to its destination, the journey would be unpleasant, and the ship might even sink amidst the prevalent dangers in the sea. Due to the weakness of leadership in many areas as mentioned in situation analysis, the Blue Sky Shopping Mall got into a bad shape and is not reaping profit. In this age of rapid change in technological advances in telecommunication, social transformation, mass media culture and globalization, leadership must unceasingly accommodate to these changes.If leadership in an organization could not keep abreast with the paces of these changes, that organization will certainly fall behind. The case of Blue Sky Shopping Mall is an example of the failure of leadership to respond to changes. The number of customers increased in the first yea rs however few security personnel could not cope with increasing numbers. As the number increased it demanded better and efficient services. In this respect also the CEO failed to respond. Moreover, CEO could not respond rapidly to a number of problems, which were actually, opportunities especially he failed to look into the market demand of the young.As more and more people are becoming more aware health and environment issues the retailed products should co-respond to these shifts of expectation. In terms of ethical issues, the low wages of the staff in proportion to the hours of work, the Blue Sky earn a bad image in the publics eye. When the CEO became too distant from the staff, and failed to share the values and views of the customers and the employee, the dynamic of the organization was very much weakened. All these shortcomings pointed out that leaders should constantly cooperate in the organization they lead. In other words, leadership is the lifeblood of an organization. . 4 Organizational Control As seen in the organizational structure chart, individuals at the book binding management will work closely with all the employees. Since the organization will continue to use existing employees only serving more or less the same products, the organization control focus will be on concurrent control and feedback control only. II. Marketing Marketing Strategies A. Segmentation Considering the opportunities in situational analysis, the strategic location of Blue Sky in an area which is populated by young people and people of white color jobs, we segment our market in the following categories. . Location 2. Age group 3. Income B. Targeting Since Shopping Mall gives retailing services, the most profitable portion of customers would be young adult, especially women, given the fact that the working population of young adults in Yangon is female aged between 16-35. Another target is families. Not only newly-wed but also families with children can be assumed to ha ve a certain regular income. They make up a significant portion of population compared to people age-group below 18 and above 60. Still another target within the income group is people with middle income. They have considerable income to spend.Therefore, the Shopping mall should create value for this class of people. C. localisation Shopping Mall can meet the needs of the market tremendously since it retails a wide range of products. Therefore, the military position becomes very important. According to the text book, military position means a product should have a clear, distinctive, and desirable place in the market (Pre-MBA marketing Principle, p 24). Since Shopping Mall retails many kinds of products to distinguishable target of customers, it is very crucial to consider and plan positioning with great care and in great detail.To have a clear positioning, the Mall should stock all the relevant products to meet, at the maximum satisfaction, the needs of the targeted groups. Sho rtage of stocks or lack of varieties of certain products could affect customers expectation and could lose their loyalty. Thus, the supervisor of each sector should immerse themselves into the market and constantly try to fulfill the market needs. It could use the slogan We have what you need. Another element of positioning is the product must be distinctive. In this sense, the Shopping Mall should cater to the targeted customers.The Shopping Mall should earn a reputation that fulfils the peculiar(prenominal) needs of the young adults, the middle-incomer, and the families. For instance, for the female young adults, to get the latest fashion and cosmetics, they should associate the Shopping Mall with their needs. Or when they want to meet their friends, they should automatically choose Blue Sky Shopping Mall, because thats the best place young people hang out. Excellent service should be another distinctive feature of Blue Sky Shopping Mall. The last element of positioning is desir able. What could be more desirable for customers value than low price?Since the target group is the middle income group, the low price positioning would appeal and meet groups need. In summary the marketing strategies can be shown in table as follows. Segmentation Targeting Positioning location Yangon, especially Myaynigone and Hledan Clear place We have what you need. Age-group Young adults and adults Distinctive place young and lively ambience Income Middle income group Desirable affordable to low price Marketing Mix a. Product/customer solution Retailing service is considered as a product. In fact, it creates the best value or solution for customers needs and problems. b.Price/customer cost As mentioned in marketing positioning, we consider affordable to low price to be attractive to our targeted customers. c. Place/convenience Blue Sky Shopping Mall. A convenient place where all the public transport can reach, an ambience especially designed for and cater to the young, a pla ce of great value to customers where their needs are fulfilled with the best service. d. Promotion/two-way communication In line with our objectives and target customer needs, promotions in the form of fashion shows, movies festivals, today special food, and some other creatively appealing to the young populace should be carried out.Frequent sales could promote the interest of the customers. III. Human Resource Management To respond to the high turnover rate, besides installing a new organizational structure, the following issues should be addressed adequately. The Human Resource team up should tackle the following areas 1. Job, role, competency and skills analysis The first step in planning a workforce to fit into a new organizational structure, a comprehensive job, role, competency and skills analysis of the existing resources should be carried out in order to allot them in the areas they are best at.That way the organization will move smoother and faster to achieve its goal. 2. Training and Development After the analysis of job, role, competency and skills, a careful plan should be drawn up to train and develop the employers beginning with the most critical teams such as section heads, security personnel, cashiers and customer information services. 3. Creating a clear work schedule Part of the problem we saw in situation analysis was the lack of clear schedule, which causes much confusion and even quarrels among the workers. A schedule with reasonable touchstone of rest and clear timetable for lunch shift should remedy the chaos. . Pay, benefit and reward system As an incentive to promote high performance, reasonable pay match to competency and skill should be clearly made known to employees. Besides, benefits such as holidays, medical insurance, bonuses plan should be put in place and put on them consistently and transparently. Rewards for extraordinary performance as in sales or customer relationship or taking up responsibility with good attitude shou ld be promoted. This will not only encourage them to realize their potentials but also motivate the workforce to strive toward better performance. 5.Opportunity for personal development Since the volume of the employees are young people, the management could pick from the large pool of talents to drive forward the organization with momentum and efficiency. In this regard, potential workers should be handpicked and trained for specific task, within a framework. This is beneficial not only to the employees but also for the organization. 6. Warm and creative work environment enlivened by shared vision Most importantly, the employees are not just paid workers. They are human beings with feelings and emotions. And work has value for their lives.Thus work should give them meaning for their lives. To that end, the work environment should be warm and there should be space for their creativity as the worker population is young. If a vision of the Shopping Mall could be shared, it would faci litate the process. One important point is that unlike the top-down management, the people in higher position should show care, concern, and intimacy with all the employers. Only then, work environment could be warm and creative. Conclusion The business plan for Blue Sky Shopping Mall shows the overall plan of how to revitalize the Shopping Mall.The report points out areas of weakness where the Shopping Mall needs to tackle to improve its growth. The report believes that the recommendation gives a picture of what the Blue Sky Shopping Mall would look like after re-structuring the organization and imputing vision, mission, marketing plans and plans to reshape the workforce. There is a great chance that Blue Sky Shopping Mall can regain its fountain glory. Reference list * MBA premaster course of business administration * http//www. capitaland. com/about-capitaland/our-mission * http//www. capitamallsasia. com/corporate/our_vision_mission. aspx

Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 6

I hadnt realised how late it was until I showed up at Seths around two. He actually wasnt writing for a change, and I found him sprawled on the couch, flipping by late night television programming.Hey, I said, dropping my coat and purse near the door. He glanced up from the TV. Its light cast ghostly shadows on his face in the darkness. Sorry its so late. Something came up.Yeah, he said, voice still flat. I can tell.Immediately, I caught his meaning. It was a sign of how well hed come to hurt me and recognize subtle succubus signals. I was wreathed in Judes life energy. Immortals would actually perceive it as a literal glow. Mortals couldnt see it, further they could sense something diabolically alluring and attractive about me. Usually, they meet wrote it off as a sign of my beauty. Seth knew better. When he sensed it around me, he knew what Id been doing.I scorned for him to see me a equivalent this, but it was inevitable. Sorry. Its what I do. You issue that.Yeah, he agre ed, gruellinging tired mentally tired, non physically tired. He straightened up. nevertheless did you have to do it tonight? You difficult to punish me for standing you up?I sat down in the armchair across from him. The energy from Jude burned through me and made me sapidity alive. I didnt want a fight with Seth to ruin my good mood, particularly after Id been so annoyed for most of the evening.I did it to survive. I wasnt trying to get back at you.He sighed and stared off into a dark corner. Its so hard sometimes.I locomote over to the couch, scooting up beside him. I know.He slid his arm around my shoulders and regarded me with a look both tender and exasperated. Leaning down, he brushed his lips against my neck. The petty(a) touch made my blood burn.God, youre beautiful. I just wish it wasnt the result of some separate guy.Yeah, I said. Me too.Sorry I blew up.You call that blowing up? I asked. That was nothing.And Im sorry I stood you up. That wasnt office.Seth had move d up my neck and now nibbled my ear. I closed my eyes and tilted my head back.Its okay, I assured him. Really.Youre awfully forgiving.Hey, what can I say? Christmas love and lovableness, by rights?He laughed and ran his fingers through my hair. For someone allegedly so evil, you sure are good.Well, I said, pressing into him. Im not that good. Im thinking some very bad thoughts right now.Yeah. Me too. If our thoughts condemn us, I think Im headed straight for Hell.No, you arent. Hugh says your souls like a supernova. Youre going straight to the pearly gates.Warm love and desire enf white-haireded us, supplanting the cold tension. provided as we curled up and chatted about light topics, I couldnt help but morosely think this was a common scene between us. Fight. Brood. Apologize. Snuggle. In all the fantasies of a stable relationship that Id harbored over the finale millennium, this pattern had never been a part of them.After a while, we sort of surpassed snuggling and moved onto something of a much adult nature. At least I did. Sometimes Seth could be coaxed into sating his lust, though it always made him incredibly self-conscious. Me, I love watching him come. He was always so damnably blas? that seeing him lose control in an orgasm almost did more for me than my own climax.He seemingly had the analogous feelings toward me and was content to simply watch me touch myself tonight. After not getting off with Jude, I was more than happy to take things into my own hands. When I subtletyed, languid and content afterward, he lay down on the couch beside me, lacing his fingers with mine.I dont think Ill ever get tired of that, he sighed.You should finish yourself off.Im okay.You sure?He smiled. Self-control, Thetis. Self-control. Besides, I have a good imagination. Sometimes its enough to pretend Im the one doing that to you.I shivered as an image of Seth contend in my mind, his body inside of me while I came, muscles clenching around him as I cried out his n ame and dug my nails into his back.Jesus, I said softly, closing my eyes.Yeah.We realized then that it was really late and started getting ready for bed. When I emerged from the bathroom after brushing my teeth, I found him waiting for me in the bedroom with a small box. He handed it over.I told you I had an early present.I turned the package over in my hands, running my fingertips over the edges. It had been wrapped in gold paper and had a red bow. Judging from the sloppy wrapping and misaligned ribbon, I was willing to bet hed wrapped it himself. I offered up a small grin.Its way too early. Presents before Christmas? Thats not right. I mean, Im not that evil.He sat back on the bed, leaning against the headboard, looking supremely pleased with himself. Well, I am. I guess my soul just dimmed a little. Open it.Sitting down as well, I hesitantly tore the paper. There was no question in my mind that this was a jewelry box. The question was What kind? Seth occasionally showed a romanti c spirit, but he wasnt the type to do anything daft like propose. At least I didnt think so.Hoping for a tennis bracelet, I instead found a ring. But it wasnt an engagement ring, not in the current way of thinking. It was one of the modern recreations of the Byzantine rings. Only this wasnt one of the ones wed seen at Eriks, not exactly. It was platinum for one thing, glowing soft and argent in the dim lighting. The smooth disc on top had a dolphin engraved in it, decorated with a few tiny, embedded sapphires.I stared at it, unsure what to say.Do you like it? Seth asked, a hint of nervousness in his voice.Iyeah. Yes, I do. Very much. My words came out haltingly.You seemed so sad about losing the other one that I thought maybe this would be a nice substitute.He looked so rapt and excited that I couldnt bear to tell him that not only had I not lost the original ring, Id actually hidden it away in the closet so as never to see it again. This one was very different, true, but the simi larities were strong enough to dredge up all the dark feelings I tried to keep buried, memories of a sunny day great ago when my husband the husband Id eventually betrayed had slipped the other one onto my finger at our wedding.Its beautiful, I said after a long stretch of silence, needing to reassure him. It had been very kind, after all. Seth didnt know my history or the pain intertwined with it. Why a dolphin?Yeahits kind of cutesy and trendy, butwell, none of those Greek letters meant much to me. But I read something about dolphins being important in old religions on Cyprus, soThat brought a true smile to my face. Yeah. They were. Messengers from the sea gods. Good fortune and all that. Something occurred to me. We saw these at Eriks, like, a couple days ago but not this one. Howd you get it? Did he have more in stock? Or did you go somewhere else?His eyes crinkled with amusement. Hey, Im learning your powers of persuasion. I got in meet with the artist and commissioned it. Good lord. Seth had had a custom ring a platinum custom ring made right before Christmas. And hed had it define in a matter of days. The cost must have been through the roof. The queasy feeling in my stomach intensified. Observing my silence, his smile faltered.You sure you like it?Yeah, yeahof course. I justIm sorry, I dont know what to say. Its great. I slipped it onto my right ring finger. It fit perfectly. Hesitantly, I met his eyes. This is a, uh, friendship ring right?Yeah, dont worry. If I propose, youll know it. For one thing, Ill be hyperventilating. A sly smile surprisingly sexy turned up his lips. And itll be a ruby.Rubies? No diamonds? Too expensive for the old writers salary, huh?He made a disparaging grunt at that. No, I just think diamonds are common, thats all. If I get married, itll be because something uncommon is occurring. Besides, you unwrap a lot of red, right? I know how important it is for your accessories to match.I snorted at that and let him draw me into the bed. He fell asleep quickly, as always, but I lay there, touching the ring. Its metal had warmed to my skin, and I could trace the dolphin and sapphires with my fingertip. The unpleasant memories the ring stirred up hadnt abated, but somehow, lying in his embrace, they seemed a little less painful.Sleep finally came to me, and I immediately started dreaming the dream.I was back in the kitchen, surrounded by all the same vivid sights, smells, and sounds as before. My hands in the water. The scent of orange soap. Sweet Home Alabama.It was a repeat of what Id seen before, my dream-self washing dishes and humming along to the music. She glanced behind her into the other room. This was where the dream had ended last time. instanter it kept going.A little girl sat in the living room, about two years old. She was on a blanket on the floor, surrounded by stuffed animals and other toys. She clutched a plush giraffe in her hands. It rattled when she shook it. As though detecting my dream-selfs gaze, the little girl looked up.She had plump cheeks that hadnt quite lost their baby fat. Wispy, light brown curls covered her head, and her hazel eyes were large and framed with dark lashes. She was adorable. bathroom her on the couch, Aubrey lay curled up in a tight little ball. Another cat covered in orange-and-brown patches sprawled nearby. Id never seen it before.A dexterous smile spread over the little girls face, creating a dimple in one check. A brawny wave of love and joy spread through my dream-self, emotions that my watching self felt. I knew then knew in a way I couldnt explain but knew with absolute certainty that this girl was my daughter.I woke up. well(p) like last time, morning had arrived with almost no passage of time for me. Sunlight again poured through the windows, and beside me, Seth still slept. Also like last time, my energy was gone. I was drained.But the ache of that absent energy was nothing compared to the ache I felt from being ri pped out of the dream, of being stripped of the powerful emotions my dream-self had felt for that little girl. Her daughter. My daughter.No, that was impossible, I scolded myself. Succubi could have no children. Id left that path behind when I sold my soul.It had felt so real, though. So intense. It was impossible for me to have a child, but in that dream, she had been mine. No doubts. Even now, I felt that maternal tug, and not having her here right now tore at my heart.And again, I told myself that was stupid. Dreams werent real. Thats why they werewell, dreams. And I had bigger problems to deal with. Like the missing energy.Beside me, Seth stirred and unconsciously pulled the covers around him, leaving me uncovered. I yanked them back, and he turned toward me, fountain sleepy eyes.Hey, he said. What gives?Not you, apparently.Not you either, apparently.Hey, Im the evil one, remember?We bantered a bit more and continued playing tug-of-war with the covers. I put on a smiling face s o I wouldnt have to explain my problems to him. Finally, I slipped away, though part of me wished I could stay in bed for the rest of the day. Dreaming. But Seth had writing to do, and I had an afternoon shift to work.Back home, I found Vincent up and around, making breakfast in the kitchen with Yasmine. They greeted me boisterously, giggling over some communion that had occurred before my entrance.You want some eggs? he asked me, catching a stick of butter tossed over by Yasmine. Presumably theyd gone grocery obtain since I hadnt had any butter in my kitchen before this. Or any food, really.No thanks, I said, settling myself on a stool. I already ate.Youre missing out, she said. Vincent makes eggs that are so decadent, theyre totally sending him straight to Hell.Setting a skillet on the stove, he turned on the burner, listening to the clicking sound made while the gas took a moment to ignite. Oh, its the eggs that are going to do it, huh? Last time you told me it was going to be my parking.The angels eyes sparkled with mischief. Shed pulled her flowing black hair up into a ponytail, making her look very young. Ironic, considering her age was beyond human or succubus comprehension.Oh, geez. Yeah. I forgot about that. Huh. Now theres a toss-up. Im not sure which is going to send you down below faster. Needing a stick of butter to cook two eggs or fit parking three feet from the curb.He jabbed her arm with a wooden spoon. Three feet? You know, Ive never even seen you drive a car. The only thing you drive is me crazy.Oh yeah, whatever. You were crazy before I ever came along.Glancing back and forth between them as they bickered further, I realized theyd forgotten my presence. Feeling intrusive, I discretely backed away, down the house and to my bedroom. Closing the door, I glanced in astonishment at Aubrey. She sprawled on my bed, warmed by a patch of sunshine.Has that been going on all morning, Aub?Yawning, she blinked at me with young eyes and then curle d into a perfect white ball similar to the position Id seen her in in the dream. She covered her face with one paw.Um, okay. This was unexpected. I mean, was I crazy? Or had theyhad Yasmine and Vincent been flirting? I mean, sure she was a friendly angel and everything, but thatyes, the more I thought about it, the more I believed they had been flirting. More than flirting. Weirder still, it hadnt been the kind of banter two multitude toss back and forth during the courtship phase either. It was the familiar teasing of two people who had been together for a long time, two people so utterly comfortable in each others presence that they could almost finish each others sentences. It was like the phenomenon Erik had described with Seth and me.Theyre in love, I told Aubrey disbelievingly. She continued to ignore me.How did that even work? They couldnt be sleeping together. Id learned a while back that doing that would make an angel fall, and Yasmine was still clearly on the side of tru th and justice. So what did that mean? Was it okay if an angel loved a human so long as they stayed physically apart? Something inside of me didnt think so. After seeing how prudish Joel had been, I felt pretty confident even a true love affair wouldnt fly with him or the others. So none of them probably knew, not even Carter. And honestly, I didnt know if I wanted to know. I was a sucker for star-crossed lovers, but those relationships never actually ended well.Grabbing some clothes and heading for the shower, I realized I might be witnessing a accost even more fucked up than my own. Whod have thought that could happen? I guessed with angels, miracles really were possible.I finished showering and drying my hair, still pondering the puzzle of this love affair. I headed back out to the living room, wondering if Id find more flirtatious behavior. Instead, what I found was a familiar and unwelcome immortal signature. Slimy and musky.Niphon was academic session on my couch.

Experiential Leadership Essay

Executive SummaryThe chatkers aim is to point out to the marrow of Experiential bringing in the selected company bidd Barras Home usefulnesss.BackgroundThe Progress Report Name of the logical argument Manager of Barras Home Improvement Company is Mike Allen. He supervised 16 employees. Eight of them were assigned in spatial relation and eight were outside in the field.Nature of business/service merchandiseBarras Home Improvements was create in 1987. During the past year, the company has positioned itself as a leader in the gross revenue and home improvement. Home Improvement is the field of expertise in detail customer can easily choose their desired lay out for their home improvement, manoeuver by the advice support to meet the great improvement of the home. In addition, they atomic number 18 now celebrating a twenty years in service.Barras Home Improvements Company is separate as family stock. They have large selection of Kitchens, Bathrooms and Bedrooms g all(preno minal)ery lay-out or so called showrooms. Their mission statements are select and value for money, service and quality product, and first class workmanship. The purposed of the operation of the company is to provide customer with highest standards of quality and service.Their products are sinks, taps, wall and floor tiles, Amtico flooring and shower enclosures and etc. They are as well as specialised in the complete installation service covering e really view from plumbing and electrics, plastering and minor building work and tiling to maintenance salvage ceilings. Insurance work is in like manner undertaken and a 12 calendar month written guarantee is given on all our work. We are both CORGI and NIC EIC registered. They also have a promotion of 50.00 deposit only for the customers instillment feeCustomer scope and demographicsThe informational entropy that the company can offer to the customer is as followsLocal This Company is situated at the top of system Lane, off Ball H ill Shopping Centreon the Walsgrave Road.M6 Heading South Leave M6 at Junction 3. Follow A444 towards Coventry. Turn left into Mercer lane and the showroom is at the top of this road, which is at the junction of Clay Lane.M6 Heading NorthLeave M6 at Junction 2. Follow signs for the A4600 heading towards Coventry city centre. At Ball Hill shopping centre on the Walsgrave Road turn right intoClay Lane and our showroom is at the junction with Barras parkland and MercerAvenue.Organizational Structure of the Barras Home Improvement CompanyOrganizations Workforce The Barras Home Improvement Company was subdivided into two groups of 8 in the office and 8 in the out field for installation and contractors. The people in office were responsible for customer service and do some paper workings and entertain clients or customer. And in addition they lead the customer on the computer lay outing for the home improvement processing.Presentation SituationThe pertly situation of the organizati on is very exciting. Recently, business has relocated to a larger and much efficient facility. This move will enable the company to streamline its regularity of operation and increase its bottom line.Market environmentThe market place is undergoing tremendous technological change. vernal Technologies of Home improvement and materials are making products progressively attractive stronger and less costly. The business is poised now to take advantage of these changes, and expect to become an important supplier of home appliances and home improvement installation.Products and goThe in the raw material and other home appliances that we are exploitation were the latest awith high quality materials. This is primarily due to the strong influence of committed manufacturers and the demands of the appliances and raw materials.Gathering and Collection of DataThis investigation adopted the descriptive method of research as this is the appropriate way in evaluating the jitney of the Barra s Home Improvement Company in relation with his know in Leadership Management style and behavior. This will be viewed from the responses of his 16 employees in the company.The descriptive method is also defined as ruminateing components to serve as direction in reaching the terminal. Its purpose is to tell what exist or what is about a accepted business phenomenon, predicting and identifying relationships among and between the variables describe.The data and information was collect through interview of some customers of Barras Home Improvement Company, employees and through internet the profile of the company has been gathered and studied.FactsThe company is still a leading company in terms of home improvement because of the experienced theater director of the company. The trend of the company was remarkably astir(p) because of the good feedback and referral of the customer. They have the additional benefit of being able to provide a computer aided photo-realistic image that can even show the kitchen, whoremaster or bedroom in the finish of their own choice.The Actual ReportExecutive SummaryThis paper studies the company named Barras Home Improvements (BHI). The purpose of this study is to estimate effectiveness of the Experiential Leadership Manager to the Business Flows specifically in family business like BHI. This study was conducted to enlighten other businessmen in the market place to exercise Experiential Leadership Management.BackgroundBarras Home Improvements was formed in 1987. During the past year, the company has positioned itself as a leader in the sales and home improvement. Home Improvement is the field of expertise where a customer can easily choose their desired lay out for their home improvement, guided by the advice support to meet the great improvement of the home. In addition, they are now celebrating a twenty years in service.Barras Home Improvements Company is classified as family Business. They have large selection of Kitchens, Bathrooms and Bedrooms gallery lay-out or so called showrooms. The purpose of the operation of the company is to provide customers with highest standards of quality and service.Their mission statements are choice and value for money, service and quality product, and first class workmanship. Their products are sinks, taps, wall and floor tiles, Amtico flooring and shower enclosures and etc. They are also specialised in the complete installation service covering all aspect from plumbing and electrics, plastering and minor building work and tiling to maintenance free ceilings. Insurance work is also undertaken and a 12 month written guarantee is given on all our work. They are both CORGI and NIC EIC registered. They also have a promotion of 50.00 deposit only for the customers instillation feeDefinition of the ProblemThe objective & goal of this research is to label the strength and weaknesses of experiential leading focusing in business. The Barras Home Improvement is the company that will be treated on this study. Initially, a simple haphazard sample of 16 employees will be given a baseline test organized by the investigator. The results will be compiled for later comparison with the research results, and those initially tested will no longer take part in the study.Questionnaires are one of the most popular ways in which data may be collected. These are used for a range of purposes and will often be the tool used to collect quantitative data. But it is worth(predicate) mentioning that although this may be classified as mostly a quantitative process of collecting data it may also be a qualitative method, depending on the number, depth and style of the questions.Research questionsThis study sought to evaluate the Business Manager of Barras Home Improvement Company. Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questionsHow to determine the stagecoach that the person like working with task and people?What is the Leadership dimension of the Business Manag er of Barras Home Improvement Company possess?What practice of leaders style does the Business Manager of Barras Home Improvement Company have?Is there a significant effect on experiential leadership management to the Barras Home Improvements company employees?HYPOTHESISHo There is no significant effect on experiential leadership management to the Barras Home Improvements employees.THEORETICAL framework the theoretical framework adopted for this study may be reflected in this model below.Input Process outputFigure1. This paradigm was used to determine the effect on experiential leadership in the Barras Home Improvements. This model suggests that Leadership behavior and leadership style survey questionnaire may be anchored on the manager of Barras Home Improvement Company who is Mike Allen. The conceptualization of this study revolved around the notions clearly represented by this model. The paradigm of the study consists of the inputs that contain all those which have been studi ed in this research. The process consists of the survey questionnaires that were used to analysis the company data. The output consists of the effects of Experiential Leadership Management to the company performance. compendium of Variance was also used to treat the data statistically.Research designSample Size All the employees were included in the sample and then the researcher calculated the weighted mean of the survey questionnaire to determine the effect of experiential leadership.Sample selection Employees of Barras Home Improvements company were selected as sample selection of this studyInstrument used This study used a survey questionnaires of leadership behavior and leadership styleEditing of data Standard editing and secret writing procedures with MS-EXCEL program.Analysis of data Simple tabulation and cross-tabulation used.RESULTSThe following results were gathered and tabulated with the use of leadership survey questionnaireThis study reveals that the Manager of Barras Home Improvements Company has a property of a Team leader. This is because the score 6.9 in the people section and a score of 7.3 in the task section revealed it. The quad where the two lines intersect is the leadership style in case of Team Leader quality.The manager used delegative and democratic leadership style. Sometimes he also used autocratic leadership style may be because it is necessary and it is revealed in the scores that 26 means being autocratic. This means that the style was used in some cases where the line of work arises or close making is required in the process for humanitarian sake.ConclusionsFrom the results of the experiential leadership management evaluation the following conclusions were drawnThe more experience the manager have the more effective and organized the business is.Experienced manager has more wisdom than an autocratic manager or even no(prenominal) experienced leader.Managers need to be team leaders for building much effective and successful business.A Team leader is the most ideal manager a company needs.RecommendationThis study suggests any businessman to undergo on the survey questionnaire to identify if their characteristics are autocratic, democratic or free reign.The new public relation officers must widen the scope and topics.Leadership QuestionnaireQuestionnaireBelow is a list of statements about leadership behavior. Read each one carefully, then, using the following scale, decide the extent to which it actually applies to you. For best results, answer as truthfully as possible.Never Sometimes Always 0 1 2 3 4 5_______ encourages team to participate when decision making time comes and also attempts to implement ideas and suggestions._______ Nothing is more important than accomplishing a goal or task._______ closely monitor the schedule to ensure a task or project will be completed in time._______ make out coaching people on new tasks and procedures._______ The more challenging a task is, the more he savours it._______ encourages employees to be creative about their job._______ seeing a complex task through to completion, he ensures that every detail is accounted for._______ found it easy to carry out several complicated tasks at the same time._______ enjoy reading articles, books, and journals about training, leadership, and psychology and then putting what have been read into action._______ when correcting mistakes, he do not worry about jeopardizing relationships._______ He manages time very efficiently._______ He enjoys explaining the intricacies and details of a complex task or project to my employees._______ breaking large projects into small manageable tasks is secondment nature to me._______ nothing is more important to him than building a great team._______ He enjoys analyzing problems._______ He honors other peoples boundaries._______ He Counsels his employees to improve their performance or behavior which is second nature to me._______ He enjoyed reading articles, books, an d trade journals about my profession and then implemented the new procedures he learned.Scoring SectionPut your answers on the spaces provided for every question.PEOPLETASKQuestion1.______ 4.______ 6.______ 9.______ 10.______ 12.______ 14.______ 16.______ 17.______ TOTAL ________ X 0.2 = ________Question 2.______ 3.______ 5.______ 7.______ 8.______ 11.______ 13.______ 15.______ 18.______ TOTAL ________ X 0.2 ________Leadership Style SurveyDirections This questionnaire is about leadership style ideas. transport encircle any of the number provided for at right-end of each item/statement to express your honest judgment by using the following code division Weight intimately Always True 5Frequently True 4Occasionally True 3Seldom True 2Almost Never True 11.I always retain the final decision making authority within my department or team.543212.I always try to include one or more employees in determining what to do and how to do it. However, I maintain the final decision making autho rity.543213.I and my employees always vote whenever a major decision has to be made.543214.I do not consider suggestions made by my employees as I do not have the time for them.543215.I ask for employee ideas and input on upcoming plans and projects.543216.For a major decision to pass in my department, it must have the approval of each employee or the majority.543217.I tell my employees what has to be done and how to do it.543218.When things go abuse and I need to create a strategy to keep a project or process running on schedule, I call a meeting to get my employees advice.543219.To get information out, I send it by email, memos, or character mail very rarely is a meeting called. My employees are then expected to act upon the information.5432110.When mortal makes a mistake, I tell them not to ever do that again and make a note of it.5432111.I want to create an environment where the employees take ownership of the project. I furnish them to participate in the decision making pro cess.5432112.I allow my employees to determine what needs to be done and how to do it.5432113.New hires are not allowed to make any decisions unless it is approved by me first.5432114.I ask employees for their vision of where they see their jobs going and then use their vision where appropriate.5432115.My workers know more about their jobs than me, so I allow them to carry out the decisions to do their job.5432116.When something goes wrong, I tell my employees that a procedure is not working decently and I establish a new one.5432117.I allow my employees to set priorities with my guidance.5432118.I delegate tasks in order to implement a new procedure or process.5432119.I closely monitor my employees to ensure they are performing correctly.5432120.When there are differences in role expectations, I work with them to resolve the differences.5432121.Each is responsible for defining their job.5432122.I like the power that my leadership position holds over subordinates.5432123.I like to use my leadership power to help subordinates grow.5432124.I like to share my leadership power with my subordinates.5432125.Employees must be directed or threatened with punishment in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives.5432126.Employees will exercise self-direction if they are committed to the objectives.5432127.Employees have the right to determine their own organizational objectives.5432128.Employees seek mainly security.5432129.Employees know how to use creativity and ingenuity to solve organizational problems.5432130.My employees can lead themselves just as well as I can.54321Scoring SectionPut your answers on the spaces provided for every questions.Item ScoreItemScoreItemScore1______2______3______4______5______6______7______8______9______10______11______12______13______14______15______16______17______18______19______20______21______22______23______24______25______26______27______28______29______30______TOTAL_______TOTAL________TOTAL________AuthoritarianS tyleParticipativeStyleDelegativeStyle(autocratic)(democratic)(free reign)ReferencesCovello, Joseph and Hazelgren, Brian, (1998). Your First Business Plan.Sourcesbooks 3rd Ed., Inc.USACulp, C.(2001), The Risk Management Process Business Strategy and Tactics, Wiley, New York, 60 -75.Gardner, Lawrence , (2006) Why businesses fail and strategies for a successful turnaround, Detroiter, retrieved July 3, 2006,Kiyosaki, Robert T. and Lechter, Sharon L. (2002) Prophecy. RichDads.Warner Business Books, Inc. USASpindler, A.,(1984) Publication Information Book Title The Politics of International Credit Private Finance and Foreign Policy in Germany and Japan, The Brookings Institution, Washington,DC., P. 37-50.Vlieghe, G.(2001) Corporate Liquidations in the United Kingdom,Bank of England Financial Stability ReviewWeygandt, Jerry J., Kieso, Donald E. and Kimmel Paul D. (1998)Financial Acounting, John Wiley and son Inc. CanadaYoder James, (2004) Time diversification and changing volatility in an options determine framework, Journal of Academy of Business and EconomicsUnpublished BookNo author, (2007) My firm, Business Resource Services, hasdeveloped a process that I call advance Mastery., At the riskyend of finance Credit derivatives, Economist

John Nash

Using the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM IV-TR) John Nash has been given the primary diagnosis of being undifferentiated. Plus abnormalities of the spirit structure and function, disorganized speech and behavior, delusions, and hallucinations. Nash often has panic attacks, withdrawal from social activities, and loss of attention to personal hygiene and grooming, and the inability to separate real coordinate unreal events. John Nash is classified under Undifferentiated Type because he had a number of symptoms such as delusions, disorganized behavior, disorganized speech, and hallucinations.He believes he is being forced to work for the government to decipher codes. That they inserted a coded chip in order to keep track of him, and if he doesnt comply with their wishes, they entrust expose him to the Russians, who in turn will kill him. This interferes with his personal and work life tremendously. He in addition thought the imaginary person Will iam Parcher, who belonged to the United States part of Defense, was out to get him. In his mind, William Parcher was black-mailing him to do as he was told, or the US government would have him killed.I also believe that Nash could also be classified with anxiety and depression because after leaving the mental hospital, he wasnt able to work, wasnt able to properly take care of his child, or even feel attracted to his wife. Axis II Schizophrenia Nash would be determined best under Schizotypical Personality. Nash has excessive social anxiety at times, few or no close friends, paranoia and suspiciousness, and odd disorganized speech. Axis III John had a late onset of symptoms starting at around age 30.His eldest hallucination was that of a roommate who moved in shortly after he started at Princeton. His Thoughts are delusional and paranoid. He thought no cardinal liked him and he had no close friends or relationships. He thought that every one of his peers where beneath him. He also thought he was a government agent. He thought people where following him, and he would show paranoid behavior by looking out the windows and over his shoulder. Axis IV John Nash is a 51 year old, Caucasian male. He has a family wife and child,and is exceptionally smart.Nashs stress can be blamed on his wife not understanding his problem or he felt like she did not believe him. Another is when Nash came home from the mental hospital and was brought into a house with a modern child, which would be a big environmental stressor. He did not know how to take care of the child properly. Also, a new job promotion at Princeton University was also a stressor. Axis V between 31 and 40 On the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, I believe Nash is in between 31 and 40. John Nash had disorganized speech and disorganized thoughts.John Nash is extremely intelligent has no learning disorder and also had a strange fixation with mathematics. Treatment Some medication individual psychotherapy so t hat the Nash can get regularly talked to, focuses on current and then(prenominal) events or problems, experiences, thoughts and feelings. Cognitive-Behavioral Conclusion John Nash will probably never be completely cured of his mental disorders but the treatment plan that I recommended for him should draw him suitable to certain thing so that he can fit into a normal society.

Solubility Curves

Water Chemical formula- H2O State at room temperature- Liquid Colour- Clear Melting point- 0oC Boiling point- 100oC Water- good solvent and a range of substances will dissolve in it. What happens when a wampumpeag lump dissolves in body of irrigate? When the sugar dissolves -The moving water molecules crash into the sugar particles -The sugar particles then break away from the crystal and into the water -The sugar and water particles then mix and diffuse evenly throughout.Copper sulphate- blue crystals, hydrated because they have water trapped within them. When they are heated this water evaporates, the crystals become dehydrated and turn white. Equation for this Reaction. CuSo4 5H2O CuSo4 + 5H2O Solute- Solid which is dissolving Solvent- liquid in which the solute dissolves Solution- the solute and solvent conflate together Sodium hydroxide- Soluble Copper Oxide- insoluble Calcium hydroxide- Insoluble Silver iodide- insoluble Aluminium nitrate- solubleMost ionic substances will dissolve in water but covalent substances usually wont dissolve. Solubility of a solute = mass of a solid required to a saturate 100g of water at a particular temperature. Calculating Solubility 2g one thousand chlorate dissolves in 20g water at 28oC what is its solubility? 2 x 100/20 = 10. 0g potassium chlorate/100g water 4g potassium sulphate dissloves in 30g water at 50oC what is its solubilty? 4 x 100/30 = 13. 33g potassium sulphate/100g water 0g sodium chloride dissolves in 75g water at 10oC what is its solubility? 30 x 100/75 = 40g sodium chloride/100g water Solubility Of Gases Carbon dioxide is the gas which is dissolved in fizzy drinks to make the fizz. What happened when you fixed sprite in a boiling tube and gave it a shake? The sprite fizzed up. What happened after you heated the sprite then gave it a shake once again? If fizzed just a little Carbon dioxide is more soluble in cold liquid. The solubility of gases decreases as the temperature increases.

Geography Prelim Notes

geographics Preliminary Exam Outline 20 multiple choice skills Short Answer Questions Biophysical Interactions (some or every or how they integrate), population and culture integration. Extended response Natural imaginations cardinal or a junto of the four points Geography Preliminary Notes The Biophysical Env compactment * The Biophysical Environment is the interaction of all abiotic and biotic elements found on the planet. * Expressed another way the BPE is made up of all the features of the physical and the built environment and how these features interrelate. The BPE is then the interactions, which occur between the air travel, Lithosphere, Biosphere and Hydrosphere. ATMOSPHERE * Atmosphere, mixture of gases surrounding any celestial object that has a gravitative field unshakable enough to prevent the gases from escaping especially the gaseous envelope of the primer. The principal constituents of the halo of the earth be nitrogen (78 perpenny) and oxygen (21 pct). The atmospheric gases in the remaining 1 percent ar are (0. 9 percent), carbon dioxide (0. 3 percent), varying amounts of wet vapour, and trace amounts of hydrogen, ozone, methane, carbon monoxide, helium, neon, krypton, and xenon. * The body of pissing-vapour content of the air varies considerably, depending on the temperature and relative humidity. With 100 percent relative humidity the water-vapour content of air varies from 190 furcates per trillion (ppm) at -40 C to 42,000 ppm at 30 C. Minute quantities of other gases, much(prenominal) as ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, and oxides of sulfur and nitrogen, are temporary constituents of the atmosphere in the vicinity of vol mickleoes and are washed out of the air by pelting or snow.Divisions of the Atmosphere Without our atmosphere, there would be no life on earth. A comparatively thin envelope, the atmosphere consists of layers of gases that support life toilet provide protection from harmful radiation. Issues related to t he Atmosphere * Daily weather conditions, climatic conditions (seasonal/short-term/long-term/cyclical) * Global warming, Greenhouse Effect (GHE) * Ozone depletion * Acid rain * Smog, photochemical smog, brown haze * Radioactive fallout Atmosphere Impacts Oxides and other pollutants added to the atmosphere by factories and automobiles maintain become a major concern, however, because of their damaging effects in the form of cutting rain. In addition, the strong possibility exists that the steady increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide, mainly as the result of fossil-fuel blaze everywhere the past century, whitethorn affect the earths climate (for guinea pig enhanced Greenhouse Effect). * Similar concerns are posed by the sharp increase in atmospheric methane.Methane levels puzzle risen 11 per cent since 1978. About 80 per cent of the gas is produced by decomposition in rice paddies, swamps, and the intestines of grazing animals, and by tropical termites. Human activities that te nd to accelerate these servicees include raising to a greater extent livestock and growing more rice. Besides adding to the greenhouse effect, methane reduces the volume of atmospheric hydroxyl ions, thereby curtailing the atmospheres ability to cleanse itself of pollutants. (for pillow slip photochemical smog) Atmosphere Ozone DepletionThe ozone layer became a subject of concern in the early 1970s when it was found that chemicals cognise as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), were rising into the atmosphere in large quantities because of their use as refrigerants and as propellants in vacuum bomb dispensers. The concern centred on the possibility that these compounds, through the action of sunninesslight, could chemically attack and destroy stratospheric ozone, which protects the earths surface from extravagant ultraviolet radiation. HYDROSPHERE * The hydrosphere refers to all liquid and frozen surface waters, groundwater held in soil and rock, and atmospheric water vapour. pee is the most abundant substance at the surface of the Earth. About 1. 4 billion cubic kilometres of water in liquid and frozen form make up the oceans, lakes, streams, glaciers, and groundwater. * Central to any discussion of the hydrosphere is the notion of the hydrologic cycle. This cycle consists of a group of reservoirs containing water, the processes by which water is transferred from one reservoir to another (or transformed from one affirm to another), and the rates of transfer associated with such processes.These transfer paths penetrate the entire hydrosphere, extending upward to about 15 kilometres in the Earths atmosphere and downward to depths in the order of five kilometres into the crust. * Although water storage in rivers, lakes, and the atmosphere is small, the rate of water circulation through the rainriveroceanatmosphere system is relatively rapid. The amount of water discharged each year into the oceans from the get to is approximately equal to the get along mass o f water stored at any instant in rivers and lakes. The biosphere, though primarily H2O in composition, contains very little of the total water at the terrene surface, only about 0. 00004 per cent. Yet, the biosphere licks a major role in the captivate of water vapour back into the atmosphere by the process of transpiration. Impact of Human Activities on the Hydrosphere * The activities of moderne caller are having a severe impact on the hydrologic cycle. * public alter the lifelike function of the water cycle through quantitative or qualitative changes to the cycle. For example the dynamic steady state is be disturbed by the discharge of toxic chemicals, radioactive substances, and other industrial wastes and by the guck of mineral fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides into surface and subsurface aquatic systems. Inadvertent and deliberate discharge of petroleum, improper sewage disposal, and thermal pollution also are seriously affecting the quality of the hydrosphere. * Humans alter the quantity of water available through by a range of activities such as the construction of Dams.Weirs, irrigation schemes, aqueducts, reservoirs, dyke & levee schemes and land reclamation projects. * In more subtle ways military personnel through enhancing the Greenhouse Effect may be changing regional climates and therefore rainfall patterns within regions. * While large scale dams butt mitigate flood damage, provide Hydro-electric world power and reliable water supply they also present pregnant environmental and ecological costs. * People alter the quality of water in many ways such as through domestic, agricultural, commercial and industrial pollution. The pollution of waterways is sort out according to point or non-point pollution. * pollution in waterways chamberpot mean the quality of water is unfit for human consumption (toxic to humans) or of a low enough quality to seriously impact on the ecology of the water system. LITHOSPHERE * The Earths outer (prenominal) rigid, rocky layer is called the lithosphere. It is broken, like a slightly cracked eggshell, into about a dozen straighten out rigid blocks, or platefuls. on that point are two types of plates, oceanic and continental.An example of an oceanic plate is the peace-loving Plate, which extends from the East Pacific Rise to the deep-ocean trenches bordering the western part of the Pacific basin. The North Ameri butt joint Plate exemplifies a continental plate. * The upper layer of the lithosphere is termed the crust. * The earths crust is comprised of bedrock material in various situ * Rocks are commonly divided into iii major classes according to the processes that resulted in their formation.These classes are (1) igneous rocks, which have solidified from molten material called magma (2) sedimentary rocks, those consisting of fragments derived from pre-existing rocks or of materials precipitated from solutions and (3) metamorphic rocks, which have been derived from each igneous or sedimentary rocks under conditions that ca utilize changes in mineralogical composition, texture, and internal structure. * Elements of weathering, erosion and gradational forces over age then shape these rock components into landform.This is known as the geomorphological process. * Such forces as tectonic plate movement, fluvial action, gradational forces and the action of the wind and sun shape landform features. * Tectonic plates move in three main ways relative to each other. Translation, seduction and convergence (Spreading). The results of this plate movement is often seen as volcanic activity (eruptions, geysers, hot springs) as earthquakes or tremors and in subsidence, land slips and slumping. * Fluvial action is the process of water eroding, transporting and depositing rock material. Wind can erode rock material by blasting, while the sun heating up rock and the rock cooling can break it down in a process call exfoliation. The top three soil issues confront ing Australia are 1. Loss of valuable topsoil due(p) to over-clearing and subsequent erosion 2. Soils salinity as result of over-clearing and or irrigation rasing the water table and bringing brininess to the surface. 3. Acid Sulfate soil exposure as a result of construction and mining exposing acid sulfates locked up in soil and these sulfates leaching into local waterways. BIOSPHERE The Biosphere is defined as the relatively thin life-supporting category of the Earths surface, extending from a few kilometres into the atmosphere to the deep-sea vents of the oceans. * The biosphere is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms (biota) and the abiotic (nonliving) factors from which they derive goose egg and nutrients. * The biosphere can be broken down into segments of abiotic and biotic components, called ecosystems. Oceans, lakes, and wetlands are examples of aquatic ecosystems, while forests, deserts, and tundra are examples of terrestrial ecosystems.Through these syste ms, energy flows and chemicals essential to life are cycled in what is known as biogeochemical cycles. * The biosphere itself can be examine as a worldwide ecosystem through which the interconnectedness of all life and life-supporting systems on the Earth can be unders tood. * The earths biodiversity (total known stock of varying species of fauna and flora on the planet) is classified into several major Biomes. Each Biome is made up of a multitude of interconnected and interrelating ecosystems. An ecosystem is defined as the complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space. * An ecosystem can be categorized into its abiotic constituents, including minerals, climate, soil, water, sunlight, and all other nonliving elements, and its biotic constituents, consisting of all its living members. Linking these constituents together are two major forces the flow of energy through the ecosystem, and the cycling of nutrient s within the ecosystem. Cycles within ecosystems which transfer / transform energy and matter are known as the Biogeochemical cycles (eg. Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous etc.. ) * The biosphere supports between 3 and 30 million species of plants, animals, fungi, acellular prokaryotes such as bacteria, and single-celled eukaryotes such as protozoans. Of this total, only about 1. 4 million species have been named so far, and fewer than 1 percent have been studied for their ecological relationships and their role in ecosystems. * A little more than half the named species are plant louses, which dominate errestrial and freshwater communities worldwide the laboratories of systematises are filled with insect species yet to be named and described. Hence, the relationships of organisms to their environments and the roles that species play in the biosphere are only beginning to be understood. BIOPYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Impacts of Humans on the Biophysical Environment * The biosphere sup ports between 3 and 30 million species of plants, animals, fungi, single-celled prokaryotes such as bacteria, and single-celled eukaryotes such as protozoans. Of this total, only about 1. million species have been named so far, and fewer than 1 percent have been studied for their ecological relationships and their role in ecosystems. * A little more than half the named species are insects, which dominate terrestrial and freshwater communities worldwide the laboratories of systematises are filled with insect species yet to be named and described. Hence, the relationships of organisms to their environments and the roles that species play in the biosphere are only beginning to be understood. Management Strategies for human impacts on BPE Management strategies can be based on a number of approaches such as reactionary, precautionary or proactive management. * As many issues have multiple causal factors at a variety of scales any prosperous management strategies must be designed with th is in mind. Often the real measure of success of a management strategy is a direct reflection of effectiveness or otherwise of a co-ordinating authority. * An example of this need for a co-ordinated response to management can be seen through reviewing the Murray Darling Basin representation (MDBC).This authority must oversee management strategies in literally hundreds of sub-catchments of the Murray Darling river and across local, state and national levels of jurisdiction. Natural Resources Definition of a Natural Resource A cancel imagination is any part of the biophysical environment that can be apply in some way to satisfy human needs. For example air, water, forests, minerals. They can either be either RENEWABLE or NON-RENEWABLE. RENEWABLE RESOURCES Renewable resources are those that are naturally renewed within a sufficiently short while span to be efficacious to human beings.There are two categories of renewable resources * Non-critical zone resources * Critical zone reso urces Non-critical zone renewable resources * These types of natural resources remain renewable irrespective of how much and how often humans use them * Some examples include solar energy, tides, wing, waves, water and air. Critical zone renewable resources * These are resources that naturally renew within short periods of time but can be affected by how much and how often humans use them, That is humans use them before they can be renewed. * Examples include fish, forests, animals, soil, underground water (aquifers)NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES * These are resources that have taken millions of years to form * These are resources that are deemed to be in fixed supply that is once they are used they can never be replaced. There are two categories of non renewable resources * CONSUMED BY forthice and * RECYCLABLE OR THEORETICALLY RECOVERABLE Consumed by use Non-renewable * These are resources that once used they can not be replaced. These are basically the fossil fuels such as oil, natur al gas and coal. There are called fossil fuels because they were once living organisms million years ago. * Because of the rate of use in late times these resources could ace exhaustion. It is predicted that after 2008 that oil will reduce as we have used it up. reusable or Theoretically Recoverable Non-renewable * These are the alloylic minerals that are mined such as iron ore, aluminum copper, gold, silver etc. These also take millions of years to be created and once used they too cannot be replaced the significant difference is that these resources can be reused or recycled. Think of aluminum cans or metal scrap yards. What constitutes a resource? For these resources defined earlier several conditions must exist before it can actually become a resource. 1.It must be recognized as being a resource indirectly or directly. 2. There must be the skills, equipment and social organization present to transform the resource into something useful. 3. The transformation must be achieved at a cost and convenience that make it more conquer than an alternative. 4. The adverse impacts generated by the activity must be acceptable to society. What a natural resource is, depends on a number of factors 1. Economic what is the cost of extraction e. g. , extracting petroleum out of deep-sea deposits is expensive and unsteady the deep sea well in the golf of Mexico. 2.Cultural What is a resource for one culture might not be for another e. g. Kangaroo meat. 3. Technology the resource might not be technologically assertable at the moment e. g. fusion power 4. political governments might promote growth of natural resources for strategic, economic & political reasons e. g. the cotton industry in Australia is a result of government policy in the mid-sixties that wanted to reduce our reliance on imported cotton. 5. Environment and health factors concerns about the impact on the environment and the health of people and ecosystems may effect the nature and rater if resourc es exploitation.Environment + Impact Statements (EIS) are often used to assess the impact on ecosystems of the exploitation of a resource. Economic & political issues related to the use of natural resource, their ownership and management 1. Rate of use Supply and Demand * Economically, natural resources will be used at a higher rate while that resource is in choose. * If demand is cut back over time it could have economic repercussions for the country that relied on its sale relevant to the economic well being of many developing countries. They take out large loans to help develop their country based on the performance of selling their natural resources * Once demand decreases their ability to pay back the loan is reduced which then makes the country more in debt. * Money made from selling the resources is used to pay off interest on the loans and little is put back into the country to make it better off. 2. Continued demand for a resource * Can jeopardise economic prosperity due to economically unsustainable practices * Uncontrolled exploitation may jeopardise long term production levels.A good example of this is fishing. * May cause stocks to be reduced * Threat to the preservation of the fish species * Industry and jobs would be lost * Boat owners would incur increase debts * Food supplies would be threatened by high prices and limited availability Political Issues 1. Opposing views * Political issues of resource use can arise when competing groups wish to use the same resources. * Countries who dispute ownership of a major resource e. g. the waters of a river that flows through more than one country. * Subgroups within a society